The last Welsh Ice Cap: Part 1-Modelling its evolution, sensitivity and associated climate

Henry Patton; Alun Hubbard; Neil F. Glasser; Tom Bradwell; Nicholas R. Golledge

doi:10.1111/j.1502-3885.2012.00300.x

The last Welsh Ice Cap: Part 1-Modelling its evolution, sensitivity and associated climate

Overview

Standard

The last Welsh Ice Cap: Part 1-Modelling its evolution, sensitivity and associated climate. / Patton, Henry; Hubbard, Alun; Glasser, Neil F. et al.

In: Boreas, Vol. 42, No. 3, 07.2013, p. 471-490.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Harvard

Patton, H, Hubbard, A, Glasser, NF, Bradwell, T & Golledge, NR 2013, 'The last Welsh Ice Cap: Part 1-Modelling its evolution, sensitivity and associated climate', Boreas, vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 471-490. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3885.2012.00300.x

APA

Patton, H., Hubbard, A., Glasser, N. F., Bradwell, T., & Golledge, N. R. (2013). The last Welsh Ice Cap: Part 1-Modelling its evolution, sensitivity and associated climate. Boreas, 42(3), 471-490. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3885.2012.00300.x

Vancouver

Patton H, Hubbard A, Glasser NF, Bradwell T, Golledge NR. The last Welsh Ice Cap: Part 1-Modelling its evolution, sensitivity and associated climate. Boreas. 2013 Jul;42(3):471-490. Epub 2012 Nov 19. doi: 10.1111/j.1502-3885.2012.00300.x

Author

Patton, Henry ; Hubbard, Alun ; Glasser, Neil F. et al. / The last Welsh Ice Cap: Part 1-Modelling its evolution, sensitivity and associated climate. In: Boreas. 2013 ; Vol. 42, No. 3. pp. 471-490.

Bibtex - Download

@article{e327746a5a7946498e7cae35d75e5fef,

title = "The last Welsh Ice Cap: Part 1-Modelling its evolution, sensitivity and associated climate",

abstract = "A high-resolution, three-dimensional, thermomechanical ice-flow model is used to investigate the glaciodynamics of the Last Glacial Maximum Welsh Ice Cap - a large, independent ice centre of the British-Irish Ice Sheet. The model uses higher-order physics to solve longitudinal stresses, and is coupled to climate via a distributed, positive degree-day mass-balance scheme. A suite of model experiments driven by the GISP2 18O curve was initiated from a climatic optimum at 38.3ka BP through to the Devensian/Holocene boundary to identify an icecap configuration compatible with available empirical evidence. An enhanced cooling from present of 11.85 degrees C and strong precipitation suppression are required between 27.4 and 23.5ka BP for the modelled icecap to attain well-established empirical limits, a scenario probably associated with Heinrich Event-2 and the potential collapse of thermohaline circulation in the North Atlantic. The experiments indicate ice-dispersal centres located in North and Mid Wales, the latter being essential for forcing ice southwards of the Brecon Beacons during the Last Glacial Maximum. Deglaciation of the Welsh Ice Cap was relatively rapid, occurring within one millennium. Dynamic stability is governed largely by the dominance and vigour with which fast-flowing outlet glaciers drain the icecap interior, which in turn are linked to variations in the climatic forcing. The distribution of permanently cold-based ice across the uplands and summits indicates the probable preservation of relict landscapes in these areas throughout the full glacial cycle.",

keywords = "NORTH-ATLANTIC, YOUNGER DRYAS, HEINRICH EVENTS, GLACIAL MAXIMUM, IRISH SEA, BRECON-BEACONS, THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION, ICEBERG DISCHARGES, NUMERICAL-MODEL, WESTERN NORWAY",

author = "Henry Patton and Alun Hubbard and Glasser, {Neil F.} and Tom Bradwell and Golledge, {Nicholas R.}",

note = "Patton, H., Hubbard, A., Glasser, N. F., Bradwell, T., Golledge, N. R. (2013). The last Welsh Ice Cap: Part 1-Modelling its evolution, sensitivity and associated climate. Boreas, 42 (3), 471-490",

year = "2013",

month = jul,

doi = "10.1111/j.1502-3885.2012.00300.x",

language = "English",

volume = "42",

pages = "471--490",

journal = "Boreas",

issn = "0300-9483",

publisher = "Wiley",

number = "3",

}

RIS (suitable for import to EndNote) - Download

TY - JOUR

T1 - The last Welsh Ice Cap: Part 1-Modelling its evolution, sensitivity and associated climate

AU - Patton, Henry

AU - Hubbard, Alun

AU - Glasser, Neil F.

AU - Bradwell, Tom

AU - Golledge, Nicholas R.

N1 - Patton, H., Hubbard, A., Glasser, N. F., Bradwell, T., Golledge, N. R. (2013). The last Welsh Ice Cap: Part 1-Modelling its evolution, sensitivity and associated climate. Boreas, 42 (3), 471-490

PY - 2013/7

Y1 - 2013/7

N2 - A high-resolution, three-dimensional, thermomechanical ice-flow model is used to investigate the glaciodynamics of the Last Glacial Maximum Welsh Ice Cap - a large, independent ice centre of the British-Irish Ice Sheet. The model uses higher-order physics to solve longitudinal stresses, and is coupled to climate via a distributed, positive degree-day mass-balance scheme. A suite of model experiments driven by the GISP2 18O curve was initiated from a climatic optimum at 38.3ka BP through to the Devensian/Holocene boundary to identify an icecap configuration compatible with available empirical evidence. An enhanced cooling from present of 11.85 degrees C and strong precipitation suppression are required between 27.4 and 23.5ka BP for the modelled icecap to attain well-established empirical limits, a scenario probably associated with Heinrich Event-2 and the potential collapse of thermohaline circulation in the North Atlantic. The experiments indicate ice-dispersal centres located in North and Mid Wales, the latter being essential for forcing ice southwards of the Brecon Beacons during the Last Glacial Maximum. Deglaciation of the Welsh Ice Cap was relatively rapid, occurring within one millennium. Dynamic stability is governed largely by the dominance and vigour with which fast-flowing outlet glaciers drain the icecap interior, which in turn are linked to variations in the climatic forcing. The distribution of permanently cold-based ice across the uplands and summits indicates the probable preservation of relict landscapes in these areas throughout the full glacial cycle.

AB - A high-resolution, three-dimensional, thermomechanical ice-flow model is used to investigate the glaciodynamics of the Last Glacial Maximum Welsh Ice Cap - a large, independent ice centre of the British-Irish Ice Sheet. The model uses higher-order physics to solve longitudinal stresses, and is coupled to climate via a distributed, positive degree-day mass-balance scheme. A suite of model experiments driven by the GISP2 18O curve was initiated from a climatic optimum at 38.3ka BP through to the Devensian/Holocene boundary to identify an icecap configuration compatible with available empirical evidence. An enhanced cooling from present of 11.85 degrees C and strong precipitation suppression are required between 27.4 and 23.5ka BP for the modelled icecap to attain well-established empirical limits, a scenario probably associated with Heinrich Event-2 and the potential collapse of thermohaline circulation in the North Atlantic. The experiments indicate ice-dispersal centres located in North and Mid Wales, the latter being essential for forcing ice southwards of the Brecon Beacons during the Last Glacial Maximum. Deglaciation of the Welsh Ice Cap was relatively rapid, occurring within one millennium. Dynamic stability is governed largely by the dominance and vigour with which fast-flowing outlet glaciers drain the icecap interior, which in turn are linked to variations in the climatic forcing. The distribution of permanently cold-based ice across the uplands and summits indicates the probable preservation of relict landscapes in these areas throughout the full glacial cycle.

KW - NORTH-ATLANTIC

KW - YOUNGER DRYAS

KW - HEINRICH EVENTS

KW - GLACIAL MAXIMUM

KW - IRISH SEA

KW - BRECON-BEACONS

KW - THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION

KW - ICEBERG DISCHARGES

KW - NUMERICAL-MODEL

KW - WESTERN NORWAY

UR - http://hdl.handle.net/2160/13442

U2 - 10.1111/j.1502-3885.2012.00300.x